Botanical Latin
Decriptions and Diagnoses
Translated and Parsed
a project of
V. F. Thomas Co. - P. O. Box 84 - Hulls Cove, Maine 04644
info@vfthomas.com
updated: 11 December 2024)
A description gives one or more character states of one or more characters for a taxon. Taxa below are species.
A diagnosis compares a new taxon (here, a species) with a known one (i.e., one that has been previously described or diagnosed.
Names used below Species names below that are links are the current names. Names that are not links are those that were given when the species were originally named/described. Following each unlinked name is a reference/link to the current name.
Comments and corrections are welcome and should be sent to info@vfthomas.com. Thanks.
Links to translations of botanical Latin diagnoses and descriptions of species:
- A -
Abies alba (originally Pinus picea)
Abies balsamea (originally Pinus balsamea)
Achillea ageratum
Aconitum pyrenaicum
Adenophora lilifolia (originally Campanula lilifolia)
Adhatoda vasica (originally Justicia adhatoda)
Aethionema saxatile (originally Thlaspi saxatile)
Aframomum grana-paradisi (originally Amomum grana-paradisi)
Agaricus fimetarius
Agriophyllum squarrosum (originally Corispermum squarrosum)
Amomum cardamomum
Amomum grana-paradisi
Amomum zerumbet
Amomum zingiber
Anagallidium dichotomum (originally Swertia dichotoma)
Andrographis echioides (originally Justicia echioides)
Anthoxanthum indicum
Anthoxanthum odoratum
Anthoxanthum paniculatum
Antirrhinum majus
Antirrhinum orontium
Arbutus acadiensis
Arbutus unedo
Arisaema pentaphyllum (originally Arum pentaphyllum)
Arum pentaphyllum
Arundo bambos
Atractylis gummifera
Azalea lapponica
- B -
Bambusa bambos (originally Arundo bambos)
Bignonia catalpa
Biscutella didyma
Blephilia ciliata (originally Monarda ciliata)
Blitum capitatum
Blitum virgatum
Boerhavia diffusa
Boerhavia erecta
Boerhavia repens
Boerhavia scandens
Boesenbeergia rotunda (originally Curcuma rotunda)
Bouchea prismatica (originally Verbena prismatica)
Bryum trichodes
Buphthalmum spinosum
- C -
Campanula lilifolia
Campanula uniflora
Canna angustifolia
Canna glauca
Canna glauca (originally Canna angustifolia)
Canna glauca (originally Canna glauca)
Canna indica
Caragana arborescens (originally Robinia caragana)
Carlina gummifera (originally Atractylis gummifera)
Carpinus betulus
Carpinus ostrya
Castanea sativa (originally Fagus castanea)
Catalpa bignonioides (originally Bignonia catalpa)
Caulophyllum thalictroides (originally Leontice thalictroides)
Cedrus libani (originally Pinus cedrus)
Centranthus calcitrapae (originally Valeriana mixta)
Centranthus ruber (originally Valeriana rubra)
Chamaecyparis thyoides (originally Curpressus thyoides)
Cheiridopsis rostrata (originally Mesembryanthemum rostratum)
Chelone hirsuta
Chenopodium capitatum (originally Blitum capitatum)
Chenopodium foliosum (originally Blitum virgatum)
Chinanthus virginicus
Chionanthus zeylonica
Chionanthus zeylonicus (originally Chionanthus zeylonica)
Chironia trinervia
Chlora sessilis (originally Gentiana sessilis)
Circaea alpina
Circaea lutetiana
Cistus guttatus
Coccoloba uvifera (originally Polygonum uvifera)
Comptonia peregrina (originally Liquidambar peregrina)
Corispermum hyssopifolium
Corispermum squarrosum
Corylus avellana
Corylus colurna
Crocus sativus
Cucumis anguria
Cupressus disticha
Cupressus sempervirens
Cupressus thyoides
Curcuma longa
Curcuma rotunda
Cynoglossum virginianum (originally Myosotis virginiana)
- D -
Dendrolycopodium obscurum (originally Lycopodium obscurum)
Diapensia lapponica
Dicliptera chinensis (originally Justicia chinensis)
Dicliptera sexangularis (originally Justicia sexangularis)
Diphasiastrum complanatum (originally Lycopodium complanatum)
Dolichos regularis
- E -
Ecbolium ligustrina (originally Justicia ecbolium)
Elettaria cardamomum (originally Amomum cardamomum)
Erica umbellata
Exacum trinervium (originally Chironia trinervia)
- F -
Fagus castanea
Fedia cornucopiae (originally Valeriana cornucopiae)
Festuca paniculata (originally Anthoxanthum paniculatum)
Festuca paniculata
Fritillaria meleagris
Fritillaria pyrenaica
- G -
Galactia regularis (originally Dolichos regularis)
Gentiana acaulis
Gentiana sessilis
Geum virginianum
Glottiphyllum linguiforme (originally Mesembryanthemum linguiforme)
Glycyrrhiza echinata
Gratiola dubia
Gratiola officinalis
Gratiola peruviana
Gratiola virginiana
- H -
Homeria breyniana (originally Tulipa breyniana)
Huperzia selago (originally Lycopodium selago)
- I -
Iris aphylla
Iris biflora
Iris germanica
Iris pumila
Iris susiana
Iris variegata
Iris versicolor
- J -
Jacobaea paludosa (originally Senecio paludosus)
Jasminum angustifolium (originally Nyctanthes angustifolia)
Jasminum azoricum
Jasminum fruticans
Jasminum humile
Jasminum odoratissimum
Jasminum officinale
Jasminum sambac (originally Nyctanthes sambac)
Jasminum sambac (originally Nyctanthes undulata)
Juniperus barbadensis
Juniperus bermudiana
Juniperus communis
Juniperus lycia
Juniperus oxycedrus
Juniperus phoenicea (originally Juniperus lycia)
Juniperus phoenicea (originally Juniperus phoenicea)
Juniperus thurifera
Juniperus virginiana
Justicia adhatoda
Justicia betonica
Justicia chinensis
Justicia ecbolium
Justicia echioides
Justicia hyssopifolia
Justicia nasuta
Justicia procumbens
Justicia purpurea
Justicia repens
Justicia sexangularis
- K -
Kaempferia galanga
Kaempferia rotunda
Kalidium caspicum (originally Salicornia arabica)
Kalidium caspicum (originally Salicornia caspica)
- L -
Lappula squarrosa (originally Myosotis lappula)
Larix decidua (originally Pinus larix)
Lathraea anblatum
Laurus borbonia
Leersia oryzoides (originally Phalaris oryzoides)
Leontice thalictroides
Limniris versicolor (originally Iris versicolor)
Lindernia dubia (originally Gratiola dubia)
Liquidambar peregrina
Liquidambar styraciflua
Lonicera alpigena
Lonicera caerulea
Lonicera nigra
Lonicera pyrenaica
Lonicera tatarica
Lonicera xylosteum
Lycopodium complanatum
Lycopodium obscurum
Lycopodium selago
Lycopus europaeus
Lycopus virginicus
- M -
Malva coromandeliana
Malvastrum coromandelianum (originally Malva coromandeliana)
Mertensia maritima (originally Pulmonaria maritima)
Mertensia sibirica (originally Pulmonaria sibirica)
Mertensia virginica (originally Pulmonaria virginica)
Mesembryanthemum linguiforme
Mesembryanthemum rostratum
Misopates orontium (originally Antirrhinum orontium)
Mnium hygrometricum
Monarda ciliata
Monarda clinopodia
Monarda didyma
Monarda fistulosa
Monarda punctata
Myosotis apula
Myosotis lappula
Myosotis scorpioides
Myosotis virginiana
- N -
Narcissus bulbocodium
Narcissus jonquilla
Narcissus poeticus
Narcissus pseudonarcissus
Narcissus serotinus
Narcissus tazetta
Neatostema apulum (originally Myosotis apula)
Nyctanthes angustifolia
Nyctanthes arbor-tristis
Nyctanthes sambac
Nyctanthes undulata
- O -
Olea capensis
Olea europaea
Ononis variegata
Ostrya carpinifolia (originally Carpinus ostrya)
Oxalis versicolor
- P -
Paederota bonarota (originally Veronica bonarota)
Paliurus spina-cristi (originally Rhamnus paliurus)
Pallenis spinosa (originally Buphthalmum spinosum)
Papaver alpinum
Patrinia sibirica (originally Valeriana sibirica)
Pedicularis palustris
Penaea mucronata
Penstemon hirsutus (originally Chelone hirsuta)
Peperomia maculosa (originally Piper maculosum)
Peperomia nigropunctata (originally Piper acuminatum)
Peperomia obtusifolia (originally Piper obtusifolium)
Peperomia pellucida (originally Piper pellucidum)
Peperomia rotundifolia (originally Piper rotundifolium)
Peperomia trifolia (originally Piper trifolium)
Perotis indica (originally Anthoxanthum indicum)
Persea borbonia (originally Laurus borbonia)
Phalaris oryzoides
Phascum acaulon
Phillyrea angustifolia
Phillyrea latifolia
Phyla nodiflora (originally Verbena nodiflora)
Phyla stoechadifolia (originally Verbena stoechadifolia)
Picea abies (originally Pinus abies)
Picea glauca
Pinguicula alpina
Pinguicula lusitanica
Pinguicula villosa
Pinguicula vulgaris
Pinus abies
Pinus balsamea
Pinus cedrus
Pinus cembra
Pinus larix
Pinus picea
Pinus pinea
Pinus strobus
Pinus sylvestris
Pinus taeda
Piper acuminatum
Piper aduncum
Piper amalago
Piper betle
Piper betle (originally Piper malamiris)
Piper distachya (originally Piper distachyon)
Piper distachyon
Piper longum
Piper maculosum
Piper malamiris
Piper nigrum
Piper obtusifolium
Piper pellucidum
Piper peltatum
Piper reticulatum
Piper rotundifolium
Piper siriboa
Piper trifolium
Piper umbellatum
Pistacia lentiscus
Platanus occidentalis
Platanus orientalis
Polygonum uvifera
Polypremum procumbens (originally Veronica marilandica)
Potentilla grandiflora (originally Potentilla verna)
Potentilla monspeliensis
Potentilla norvegica (originally Potentilla monspeliensis)
Potentilla verna
Priva lappulacea (originally Verbena lappulacea)
Priva mexicana (originally Verbena mexicana)
Prunus lusitanica
Pulmonaria angustifolia
Pulmonaria maritima
Pulmonaria officinalis
Pulmonaria sibirica
Pulmonaria virginica
- Q -
Quercus coccifera
Quercus phellos
- R -
Ranunculus aquatilis
Ranunculus lanuginosus
Rhamnus jujuba
Rhamnus lotus
Rhamnus oenopolia
Rhamnus paliurus
Rhamnus zizyphus
Rhina canthus (originally Justicia nasuta)
Rhododendron lapponicum (originally Azalea lapponica)
Ribes cynosbati
Ribes grossularia
Ribes uva-crispa (originally Ribes grossularia)
Ribes uva-crispa (originally Ribes uva-crispa)
Robiniacaragana
Rubus parvifolius
Rungia repens (originally Justicia repens)
- S -
Salicornia arabica
Salicornia caspica
Salicornia europaea
Salicornia virginia
Salvia aegyptiaca
Salvia aethiopis
Salvia africana (originally Salvia africana-caerulea)
Salvia africana-caerulea
Salvia africana-lutea
Salvia aurea (originally Salvia africana-lutea)
Salvia canariensis
Salvia ceratophylla
Salvia cretica
Salvia dominica
Salvia glutinosa
Salvia haematodes
Salvia hispanica
Salvia horminum
Salvia indica
Salvia lyrata
Salvia mexicana
Salvia nutans
Salvia officinalis
Salvia officinalis (originally Salvia cretica)
Salvia pinnata
Salvia pomifera
Salvia pratensis
Salvia pratensis (originally Salvia haematodes)
Salvia pyrenaica
Salvia sclarea
Salvia spinosa (originally Salvia aegyptiaca)
Salvia sylvestris
Salvia urticifolia
Salvia verbenaca
Salvia verbenaca (originally Salvia pyrenaica)
Salvia viridis
Salvia viridis (originally Salvia horminum)
Scrophularia orientalis
Senecio paludosus
Solanum carolinense
Solanum indicum
Solanum peruvianum
Solanum sodomeum
Solanum violaceum (originally Solanum indicum)
Solanum violaceum (originally Solanum sodomeum)
Stachytarpheta jamaicensis
Stahytarpheta jamaicensis (originally Verbena jamaicensis)
Stachytarpheta orubica (originally Verbena orubica)
Swertia dichotoma
Syringa persica
Syringa ✕persica (originally Syringa persica)
Syringa vulgaris
- T -
Tamonea curassavica (originally Verbena curassavica)
Taxodium distichum (originally Cupressus disticha)
Taxus baccata
Taxus nucifera
Thlaspi saxatile
Thuja occidentalis
Thuja orientalis
Torreya nucifera (originally Taxus nucifera)
Trifolium uniflorum
Tuberaria guttata (originally Cistus guttatus)
Tulipa breyniana
- U -
Utricularia bifida
Utricularia caerulea
Utricularia foliosa
Utricularia gibba
Utricularia minor
Utricularia subulata
Utricularia vulgaris
- V -
Vaccinium stamineum
Valeriana calcitrapae
Valeriana celtica
Valeriana chinensis
Valeriana cornucopiae
Valeriana dioica
Valeriana locusta
Valeriana mixta
Valeriana montana
Valeriana officinalis
Valeriana phu
Valeriana pyrenaica
Valeriana rubra
Valeriana saxatilis
Valeriana sibirica
Valeriana tripteris
Valeriana tuberosa
Valerianella locusta (originally Valeriana locusta)
Verbena bonariensis
Verbena curassavica
Verbena hastata
Verbena jamaicensis
Verbena lappulacea
Verbena mexicana
Verbena nodiflora
Verbena officinalis
Verbena officinalis (originally Verbena spuria)
Verbena orubica
Verbena prismatica
Verbena spuria
Verbena stoechadifolia
Verbena supina
Verbena urticifolia
Veronica agrestis
Veronica alpina
Veronica anagallis-aquatica
Veronica aphylla
Veronica arvensis
Veronica beccabunga
Veronica bellidioides
Veronica bonarota
Veronica chamaedrys
Veronica hederaefolia
Veronica hederifolia (originally Veronica hederaefolia)
Veronica hybrida
Veronica incana
Veronica latifolia
Veronica longifolia
Veronica longifolia (originally Veronica maritima)
Veronica maritima
Veronica marilandica
Veronica multifida
Veronica officinalis
Veronica peregrina
Veronica peregrina (originally Veronica romana)
Veronica romana
Veronica scutellata
Veronica serpyllifolia
Veronica spicata
Veronica spicata ssp. hybrida (originally Veronica hybrida)
Veronica spuria
Veronica teucrium (originally Veronica latifolia)
Veronica triphyllos
Veronica verna
Veronica virginica
Veronicastrum virginicum (originally Veronica virginica)
Viburnum acerifolium
Viburnum nudum
Viciafaba
Viola calcarata
- W -
- X -
- Y -
- Z -
Zingiber officinale (originally Amomum zingiber)
Zingiber zerumbet (originally Amomum zerumbet)
Zizania aquatica
Ziziphora acinoides
Ziziphora capitata
Ziziphora tenuior
Zizyphus jujuba (originally Rhamnus zizyphus)
Ziziphus lotus (originally Rhamnus lotus)
Ziziphus mauritiana (originally Rhamnus jujuba)
Ziziphus oenopolia (originally Rhamnus oenopolia)