Taxonomic history:
   1753: Linnaeus described this species as Salvia lyrata in Species Plantarum, 1st ed., p. 23.
   today: The current name for this species is Salvia lyrata L.

original Latin diagnosis
Salvia foliis radicalibus lyratis dentatis, corollarum galea brevissima.

English translation
Salvia with leaves arising from roots, lyrate, [and] dentate; [and] of the corollas with a hood very short.

English translation with commentary

Salvia	Salvia
with leaves	foliis - ablative plural of second declension neuter noun folium, folii
arising from the roots,	radicalibus - ablative plural neuter of group B adjective radicalis, -is, -e; modifies foliis
lyrate,	lyratis - ablative plural neuter of group A adjective lyratus, -a, -um; modifies foliis
[and]	[added for smoother reading]
dentate;	dentatis - ablative plural neuter of group A adjective dentatus, -a, -um; modifies foliis
[and]	[added for smoother reading]
of the corollas	corollarum - genitive plural of first declension feminine noun corolla, -ae (used substantively)
with a hood	galea - ablative singular of first declension feminine noun galea, -ae
very short.	brevissima - superlative degrree, ablative singular feminine of group B adjective brevis, -is, -e; modifies galea